The Parvalbumin/Somatostatin Ratio Is Increased in Pten Mutant Mice and by Human PTEN ASD Alleles

The Parvalbumin/Somatostatin Ratio Is Increased in Pten Mutant Mice and by Human PTEN ASD Alleles

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Mutations in the phosphatase PTEN are strongly implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Here, we investigate the function of Pten in cortical GABAergic neurons using conditional mutagenesis in mice.Loss of Pten results in a preferential loss of SST+ interneurons, which increases the ratio of parvalbumin/somatostatin (PV/SST) interneurons, ectopic PV+ projections in layer I, and inhibition earthbath facial wipes onto glutamatergic cortical neurons.Pten mutant mice exhibit deficits in social behavior and changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) power.Using medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) transplantation, we test for cell-autonomous functional differences between human PTEN wild-type (WT) and ASD alleles.

The PTEN ASD alleles are hypomorphic in regulating cell size and the PV/SST ratio in comparison to WT PTEN.This MGE transplantation/complementation assay is efficient and incredibleindiatourtravels.com is generally applicable for functional testing of ASD alleles in vivo.